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Description of Soil Series |
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This appendix contains descriptions of the 221 soils mentioned in Arizona Soils. The mapping units of the Arizona General Soil Map (Plate 1) that contain a particular soil are listed after the name of that soil. Included in the first phrase describing each soil series is another soil name in parentheses. These are names of Great Soil Groups, a category of the 1938 Soil Classification System (Baldwin et al, 1938) that was used before adoption of Soil Taxonomy (Soil Survey Staff, 1975). Not all soils are listed by a soil series, the sixth and lowest category in Soil Taxonomy (Soil Survey Staff, 1975). Those soil mapping units are named by the subgroup to which they belong. The subgroup is the fourth-level category in Soil Taxonomy (Soil Survey Staff, 1975).
The Cristobol, Deloro and Ligurta series were established formally in 1977, two years after publication of the Arizona General Soil Map (Plate 1), but were included because they had been described and named earlier. The process of formalizing a soil series description and name through the USDA Soil Conservation Service takes from two to three years.
Complete and partial laboratory data were available for 118 of the soil series and are included. Most of the headings of the tables should be understandable to persons who have read the text. A few that may not be are explained here.
O.M.% heads the column that shows the percentage of organic matter in the soil being described.
CEC is the cation exchange capacity of the soil being described. The capacity is measured in meq/100 g, or milliequivalents per 100 grams. Lower values indicate that the soil tends to have lesser amounts of clay and/or organic matter.
In some instances CaCO3%, or percent calcium carbonate, data were not available, but B.S.%, or percent base saturation, data were. Lower percentages of base saturation indicate lower pH values and increased leaching. In one instance, the description of the Purgatory soil, the CaSO4#183;2H2O%, or percent gypsum, was used instead of either CaCO3% or B.S.%.
Finally, BD is bulk density or volume density and is measured as g/cm3, or grams per cubic centimeter. Bulk density values indicate levels of aeration or porosity of soil as well as degree of compaction. Generally, the lower the value, the higher the level of aeration or of porosity and the lower the level of compaction. Lower values also may indicate higher permeability.
Blanks in the column indicate that no laboratory data were available. Zeros indicate that laboratory test results showed no values. Very low values are indicated with a ‘‘T’’, or trace.
Soils Descriptions
Abra (MS8, MS9, MS10). Ustollic Calciorthids; fine-loamy, mixed, mesic (Calcisols). Abra soils are deep and well drained. Typically, the surface layer is brownish gray gravelly sandy loam about 8 cm (3 in) thick. The underlying material, to more than 150 cm (60 in) is light brownish gray, light yellowish brown and very pale brown calcareous loam. A zone containing many soft lime masses with more than 15 percent calcium carbonate occurs between depths of 46 and 125 cm (18 and 50 in). Depth to this lime zone ranges from 20 to 71 cm (8 to 28 in). Abra soils are on fan terraces with slopes ranging from 1 to 30 percent. These soils have high available water capacity and moderate permeability. They are moderately alkaline and calcareous throughout. Runoff is slow to medium and the hazard of erosion is slight to moderate. The series was established in Yavapai County in 1957 and the name was taken from a siding on the Santa Fe Railroad.
Agua (TA2). Typic Torrifluvents; coarse-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed (calcareous), thermic (Alluvial). Agua soils are deep and well drained. Typically, they have light brownish gray surface and subsurface layers, about 76 cm (30 in) thick, over stratified sand and gravelly sand to more than 150 cm (60 in). They occur on floodplains with slopes of 0 percent to 2 percent. They have moderate available water capacity. The permeability is moderate in the upper part and rapid in the lower part. They are moderately alkaline and calcareous throughout. Runoff is slow and the hazard of erosion is slight to moderate. They may be subject to piping along entrenched streams. The series was established in Maricopa County in 1969.
Agualt(HA1). Typic Torrifluvents; coarse-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed (calcareous); hyperthermic (Alluvial). Agualt soils are deep and well drained. Typically, they have a brown loam surface layer about 28 cm (11 in) thick. The underlying material is brown loam about 40 cm (16 in) thick. Below this to a depth of 150 cm (60 in) is pale brown sand. Agualt soils occur on alluvial fans and floodplains with slopes of 0 to 3 percent. These soils have high available water capacity in the upper 68 cm (27 in) and very low available water capacity below that. They have moderate permeability to 68 cm (27 in) and rapid permeability below that. They are moderately alkaline and calcareous throughout. Runoff is slow and the hazard of erosion is moderate. The series was established in Maricopa County in 1966 and is the hyperthermic equivalent of the Agua series.
Ajo (HA4). Petrocalcic Paleargids; loamy-skeletal, mixed, hyperthermic (Red Desert). Ajo soils are moderately deep and well drained. Typically, they have a brown very gravelly loam surface layer about 5 cm (2 in) thick. The subsoil is reddish brown and yellowish red clay loam about 55 cm (22 in) thick. This is underlain by a white and pink indurated lime cemented hardpan many centimeters thick. Depth to the hardpan ranges from 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in). Ajo soils occur on old fan terraces with slopes ranging from 0 to 10 percent. These soils have low available water capacity and moderately slow permeability. They are moderately alkaline and are noncalcareous in the upper part of the solum and are calcareous throughout the remainder of the profile. Runoff is slow and the hazard of erosion is slight. The series was established on the Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument in 1971 and the name was taken from the town of Ajo in Pima County.
| Horizon | Depth (cm) | O.M.% | Sand% | Silt% | Clay% | CEC meg/100g | CaCO3% | pH | BD g/cm3 |
| A | 0-5 | 0.46 | 54 | 28 | 18 | 17 | T | 7.5 | |
| Bt | 5-33 | 0.56 | 41 | 24 | 35 | 30 | 1 | 7.7 | 1.26 |
| Bk | 33-61 | 43 | 17 | 40 | 35 | 4 | 7.9 | 1.30 | |
| Bkm | 61- | 77 | 18 | 5 | 13 | 21 | 8.7 | 1.75 |
Amos (MH5). Typic Hapludalfs; fine, mixed, mesic (Brown). Amos soils are deep and well drained. Typically, they have a brown clay loam surface layer about 8 cm (3 in) thick. The subsoil is yellowish brown and brown clay about 100 cm (40 in) thick. This is underlain by light yellowish brown and yellowish red weathered stratified shale and siltstone about 18 cm (7 in) thick. Hard shale and siltstone is at a depth of 125 cm (50 in). Amos soils occur on hillslopes with slopes of 5 to 20 percent. These soils have high available water capacity and slow permeability. They are neutral to moderately alkaline and are calcareous in the subsoil and underlying material. Runoff is medium and the hazard of erosion is slight. The series was established on the Fort Apache Indian Reservation in Navajo County in 1966 and the name was taken from a local wash.
Anklam (TS6). Typic Haplargids; clayey-skeletal, mixed, thermic, shallow (Lithosol). Anklam soils are very shallow and shallow and well drained. Typically, they have a brown very gravelly sandy clay loam surface layer
about 5 cm (2 in) thick. The upper 13 cm (5 in) of subsoil is reddish brown gravelly light clay. The lower 15 cm (6 in) of subsoil is red very gravelly heavy clay loam. The underlying material to a depth of 150 cm (60 in) is varicolored latite rock that is weathered and fractured with clay in the fractures. Anklam soils occur on hillslopes with slopes of 5 to 50 percent. These soils have low available water capacity and moderately slow permeability. They are moderately alkaline and noncalcareous throughout the profile. Runoff is medium to rapid and the hazard of erosion is slight. The series was established in Pima County in 1974.Antho (HA1, HA5, HA7). Typic Torrifluvents; coarse-loamy, mixed (calcareous), hyperthermic (Alluvial). Antho soils are deep and well drained. Typically, they have light yellowish brown sandy loam surface layers about 20 cm (8 in) thick and similar subsurface layers to more than 150 cm (60 in) that commonly contain slightly coarser or finer textured strata. They occur on floodplains and alluvial fans with slopes of 0 to 3 percent. These soils have moderate available water capacity and moderately rapid permeability. They are moderately alkaline and are usually calcareous throughout. Runoff is slow and the hazard of erosion is slight. The series was established in Maricopa County in 1971 as the hyperthermic equivalent of the Anthony series.
| Horizon | Depth (cm) | O.M.% | Sand% | Silt% | Clay% | CEC meg/100g | CaCO3% | pH | BD g/cm3 |
| Ap | 0-18 | 0.24 | 76 | 15 | 9 | 7 | T | 7.7 | 1.55 |
| C | 18-127 | 0.14 | 79 | 13 | 8 | 6 | T | 8.1 | 1.70 |
Anthony (TA2, TA4, TS2, TS3, TS9, TS12, TS19). Typic Torrifluvents; coarse-loamy, mixed (calcareous), thermic (Alluvial). Anthony soils are deep and well drained. They have a brown sandy loam or gravelly sandy loam surface layer about 25 cm (10 in) thick over stratified pale brown and brown fine sandy loam, sandy loam and gravelly sandy loam to more than 150 cm (60 in). Anthony soils are on floodplains and alluvial fans with slopes of 0 to 3 percent. They have moderate available water capacity and moderately rapid permeability. They are moderately alkaline and slightly calcareous throughout. Runoff is slow and the hazard of erosion is moderate. The series was established in the Mesilla Valley, New Mexico, in 1912.
| Horizon | Depth (cm) | O.M.% | Sand% | Silt% | Clay% | CEC meg/100g | CaCO3% | pH | BD g/cm3 |
| Ap | 0-30 | 0.17 | 70 | 20 | 10 | 7 | 2 | 7.7 | 1.65 |
| C | 30-107 | 0.15 | 64 | 28 | 8 | 7 | 2 | 7.8 | 1.52 |
| Btb | 107-137 | 61 | 18 | 21 | 10 | T | 7.8 | 1.56 |
Anway (TS3). Typic Haplargids; fine-loamy, mixed, thermic (Red Desert). Anway soils are deep and well drained. Typically, they have a light yellowish brown loam surface layer about 8 cm (3 in) thick. The subsoil is brown clay loam about 38 cm (15 in) thick. This is underlain by pale brown and light yellowish brown stratified loam, silt loam and fine sandy loam. Anway soils occur on nearly level stream terraces with slopes of 0 to 1 percent. These soils have high available water capacity and moderate to moderately slow permeability. They are mildly to moderately alkaline throughout the profile. Runoff is slow and the hazard of erosion is slight. The series was established in the Tucson-Avra Valley area in 1965 and the name was taken from Anway Road.
Apache (MS4, MS7). Lithic Haplustolls; loamy, mixed, mesic (Lithosols). Apache soils are shallow and well drained. Typically, they have a grayish brown cobbly heavy loam surface layer about 20 cm (8 in) thick. The subsoil is brown cobbly light clay loam about 10 cm (4 in) thick. The underlying material is composed of soft to slightly hard white carbonate concretions and hard carbonate coatings on rock fragments and soil material similar to the overlying subsoil about 10 cm (4 in) thick. Hard black basalt coated with white carbonate is at a depth of 40 cm (16 in). Depth to bedrock ranges from 10 to 50 cm (4 to 20 in). Apache soils occur on basalt mesas and lava flows with slopes of 1 to 15 percent. These soils have low available water capacity and moderate permeability. They are moderately alkaline and calcareous throughout the profile. Runoff is medium and the hazard of erosion is slight. The series was established on the Mansher Soil Conservation Demonstration Project in northeastern New Mexico in 1938.
Arada (TA5). Typic Calciorthids; sandy, mixed, thermic (Calcisols). Arada soils are deep and somewhat excessively drained. Typically, they have a pink fine sand surface layer about 15 cm (6 in) thick. The upper 53 cm
(21 in) of underlying material is pink fine sand. The middle 25 cm (10 in) of underlying material is pink gravelly loamy fine sand. The lower portion of the underlying material to a depth of 150 cm (60 in) is stratified pinkish white and very pale brown very gravelly sandy loam and loamy coarse sand. Arada soils occur on nearly level to moderately sloping stream terraces and alluvial fans with slopes of 0 to 8 percent. These soils have low available water capacity and rapid permeability. They are moderate to strongly alkaline and calcareous throughout the profile. Runoff is slow and the hazard of erosion is high. The series was established in Clark County, Nevada, in 1970.Arizo (TA5, TS2). Typic Torriorthents; sandy-skeletal, mixed, thermic (Alluvial). Arizo soils are deep and excessively drained. Typically, they have light brownish gray gravelly sandy loam surface layers about 20 cm (8 in) thick overlying very gravelly and cobbly sand to 150 cm (60 in) or more. Arizo soils occur on floodplains and alluvial fans that have slopes of 0 to 8 percent. These soils have very low available water capacity and very rapid permeability. They are moderately alkaline and usually are calcareous throughout. Runoff is slow and the hazard of erosion is moderate. The series was established in Clark County, Nevada, in 1971.
Arp (MS6). Ustollic Haplargids; fine, montmorillonitic, mesic (Reddish Brown). Arp soils are moderately deep and well drained. Typically, they have a dark brown gravelly clay loam surface layer about 5 cm (2 in) thick. The subsoil is reddish brown clay about 40 cm (16 in) thick. The underlying material is light yellowish brown weathered schist about 40 cm (16 in) thick. Hard schist bedrock is at a depth of 85 cm (34 in). Depth to the hard schist is 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in). Arp soils occur on hillslopes with slopes of 10 to 25 percent. These soils have moderate available water capacity and moderately slow to slow permeability. They are medium acid to neutral and noncalcareous throughout the profile. Runoff is medium to rapid and the hazard of erosion is slight. The series was established in Yavapai County in 1960 and the name was taken from Bill Arp Wash.
| Horizon | Depth (cm) | O.M.% | Sand% | Silt% | Clay% | CEC meg/100g | B.S.% | pH | BD g/cm3 |
| A | 0-5 | 1.4 | 36 | 37 | 27 | 30 | 92 | 6.7 | 1.60 |
| Bt | 5-40 | 1.4 | 14 | 33 | 53 | 54 | 93 | 6.9 | 1.68 |
| C | 40-75 | .34 | 24 | 50 | 26 | 49 | 97 | 7.3 | 1.73 |
| R | 75- |
Atascosa (TS6, TS13). Aridic Lithic Argiustolls; loamy-skeletal, mixed, thermic (Lithosols), Atascosa soils are shallow and very shallow and well drained. Typically, they have a dark grayish brown very gravelly sandy loam surface layer about 5 cm (2 in) thick. The subsoil is dark gray very gravelly sandy clay loam about 18 cm (7 in) thick. This is underlain by white rhyolitic conglomerate at a depth of 23 cm (9 in). Depth to bedrock ranges from 10 to 50 cm (4 to 20 in). Atascosa soils occur on hillslopes with slopes ranging from 5 to 60 percent. These soils have low available water holding capacity and moderate permeability. They are neutral to mildly alkaline and noncalcareous throughout the profile. Runoff is rapid and the hazard of erosion is slight. The series was established in Santa Cruz County in 1971.
Avondale (HA1). Typic Torrifluvents; fine-loamy, mixed (calcareous), hyperthermic (Alluvial). Avondale soils are deep and well drained. Typically, they have a brown clay loam surface layer about 30 cm (12 in) thick. The underlying material to a depth of 150 cm (60 in) is pale brown loam and very fine sandy loam. Avondale soils occur on floodplains with slopes of 0 to 3 percent. These soils have high available water capacity and moderate to moderately slow permeability. They are moderately alkaline and calcareous throughout the profile. Runoff is slow and the hazard of erosion is slight to moderate. The series was established in Maricopa County in 1969 and the name was taken from the town of Avondale.
| Horizon | Depth (cm) | O.M.% | Sand% | Silt% | Clay% | CEC meq/100g | CaCO3% | pH | BD g/cm3 |
| Ap | 0-25 | 1.80 | |||||||
| C | 25-150 | 0.69 | 47 | 35 | 22 |
Badland (MA1, MA3, MA5). Badland consists of moderately steep to very steep, nearly barren areas of highly erodible, multicolored, clayey shales and siltstones interbedded with thin layers of harder sandstone and conglomerate. These shaly areas are dissected by numerous drainageways, leaving small remnants as ridges and
low buttes capped by the more resistant sandstone and conglomerate rocks. The dominant slopes are 30 to 50 percent. Vertical relief is from 8 to 60 m (25 to 200 ft) or more.Baldy (FH2, FH5). Typic Cryorthents; coarse-loamy, mixed, nonacid, mesic (Regosols). Baldy soils are deep and well drained. Typically, there is a 3 cm (1 in) leaf and pine needle litter on the soil surface. The surface mineral layer is light brownish gray cobbly fine sandy loam about 10 cm (4 in) thick. The underlying material to more than 107 cm (42 in) is pinkish gray, very pale brown and yellowish brown cobbly or gravelly fine sandy loams. Gravel, cobble and stone content averages less than 35 percent. Baldy soils are on hillslopes with slopes of 10 to 50 percent. These soils have moderate available water capacity and moderately rapid permeability. They are medium acid throughout and noncalcareous throughout the profile. Runoff is medium and the hazard of erosion is slight to moderate. The series was established on the Fort Apache Indian Reservation in 1965 and the name was taken from Mt. Baldy.
Balon (MS6, MS9). Ustollic Haplargids; fine-loamy, mixed, mesic (Reddish Chestnut). Balon soils are deep and well drained. Typically, they have dark grayish brown gravelly sandy clay loam surface layers about 8 cm (3 in) thick, and dark grayish brown gravelly clay loam subsoils that grade at about 38 cm (15 in) to mottled yellowish brown and pale brown gravelly sandy clay loam and gravelly sandy loam. The underlying material from 91 to more 150 cm (36 to 60 in) is light yellowish brown and very pale brown gravelly sandy loam. Balon soils are on fan terraces with slopes ranging from 0 to 30 percent. These soils have moderate available water capacity and moderately slow permeability. They are medium acid to mildly alkaline and are noncalcareous throughout the profile. Runoff is medium and the hazard of erosion is moderate. The series was established in Yavapai County in 1960.
| Horizon | Depth (cm) | O.M.% | Sand% | Silt% | Clay% | CEC meq/100g | B.S.% | pH | BD g/cm3 |
| A | 0-8 | 1.09 | 57 | 22 | 21 | 21 | 93 | 6.5 | 1.54 |
| Bt | 8-58 | 0.54 | 46 | 28 | 26 | 35 | 96 | 6.7 | 1.64 |
| BCt | 58-90 | 0.15 | 57 | 28 | 15 | 32 | 96 | 6.7 | 1.60 |
| C | 90-183 | 0.12 | 56 | 29 | 15 | 35 | 97 | 6.8 |
Bandera (MS4). Torriorthentic Haploborolls; cindery (Lithosols). Bandera soils are shallow and somewhat excessively drained. Typically, they have dark grayish brown and brown gravelly (cindery) loam surface layers about 23 cm (9 in) thick. The underlying material is yellowish brown very gravelly (cindery) loam 8 cm (3 in) thick that grades at about 41 cm (16 in) into very dark gray loose cinders. The gravel in the profile is mainly cinders. Depth to the unweathered cinders ranges from 30 to 66 cm (12 to 26 in). Bandera soils occur on cinder cones that have slopes of 2 to 45 percent. These soils have low available water capacity and moderate permeability. They are slightly acid to mildly alkaline in the soil profile and moderately alkaline and calcareous in the cinders. Runoff is rapid and the hazard of erosion is slight. The series was established in Valencia County, New Mexico, in 1957 and the name was taken from Bandera Crater.
| Horizon | Depth (cm) | O.M.% | Sand% | Silt% | Clay% | CEC meq/100g | CaCO3% | pH | BD g/cm3 |
| A | 0-23 | 4.86 | 37 | 47 | 16 | 41 | 0 | 7.4 | |
| C | 23-48 | 3.62 | 47 | 42 | 11 | 37 | 6 | 8.4 | |
| Cr | 48- |
Barkerville (MS6, MH2, MH4). Udorthentic Haplustolls; loamy, mixed, mesic, shallow (Lithosols). Barkerville soils are shallow and well drained. Typically, they have a 2.5 cm (1 in) layer of undecomposed and partially decomposed leaves and twigs on the soil surface. The upper surface mineral layer is dark grayish brown cobbly sandy loam about 8 cm (3 in) thick. This is underlain by yellowish brown and light gray highly weathered granite to a depth of 65 cm (26 in). Below this to a depth of 100 cm (40 in) is varicolored slightly weathered granite. Barkerville soils occur on hillslopes with slopes of 10 to 60 percent. These soils have very low available water capacity and moderately rapid permeability. They are neutral to mildly alkaline and noneffervescent throughout the profile. Runoff is rapid and the hazard of erosion is slight. The series was established in Santa Cruz County in 1971.
| Horizon | Depth (cm) | O.M.% | Sand% | Silt% | Clay% | CEC meq/l00g | B.S.% | pH | BD g/cm3 |
| A | 0-8 | 0.77 | 81 | 11 | 8 | 9 | 93 | 7.0 | |
| C | 8-63 | 0.20 | 85 | 10 | 5 | 13 | 100 | 6.7 |
Bernardino (TS4, TS5, TS7, TS15). Ustollic Haplargids; fine, mixed, thermic (Reddish Brown). Bernardino soils are deep and well drained. They typically have a dark brown loam surface layer about 5 cm (2 in) thick and a dark reddish brown gravelly clay loam upper subsoil and clay lower subsoil that grades at about 38 cm (15 in) to lime mottled pinkish gray gravelly sandy clay loam to more than 150 cm (60 in). Bernardino soils are on rolling fan terraces with slopes that are dominantly 5 to 15 percent but may range up to 25 percent. These soils have moderate available water capacity and slow permeability. They are moderately alkaline and are usually calcareous throughout with zones of high lime at less than 50 cm (20 in). Runoff is slow to medium and the hazard of erosion is slight to moderate. The series was established in Santa Cruz County in 1971 and the name was taken from the San Bernardino Valley.
| Horizon | Depth (cm) | O.M.% | Sand% | Silt% | Clay% | CEC meq/l00g | CaCO3% | pH | BD g/cm3 |
| A | 0-5 | 2.77 | 67 | 15 | 18 | 19 | 0 | 7.2 | 1.03 |
| Bt | 5-43 | 1.75 | 50 | 14 | 36 | 34 | 0 | 7.0 | 1.47 |
| Bk | 43-127 | 0.41 | 75 | 13 | 12 | 18 | 13 | 7.6 | 1.41 |
Bitter Spring (TA5). Typic Haplargids; loamy-skeletal, mixed, thermic (Red Desert). Bitter Spring soils are deep and well drained. Typically, they have a well-developed desert pavement of subangular to rounded varnished gravels on the surface. The surface layer is pink loam about 4 cm (1.5 in) thick. The subsoil is light reddish brown sandy loam and light sandy clay loam about 15 cm (6 in) thick. The underlying material to a depth of 150 cm (60 in) is pink and light reddish brown very gravelly sandy loam. Bitter Spring soils occur on nearly level to moderately sloping fan terraces with slopes of 0 to 8 percent. These soils have low available water capacity and moderately rapid permeability. They are moderate to strongly alkaline with alkalinity decreasing with depth and are calcareous throughout the profile. Runoff is medium and the hazard of erosion is slight. The series was established in Clark County, Nevada, in 1969.
| Horizon | Depth (cm) | O.M.% | Sand% | Silt% | Clay% | CEC meq/100g | CaCO3% | pH | BD g/cm3 |
| A | 0-5 | 0.43 | 61 | 28 | 11 | 3 | 7.9 | ||
| Bt | 5-55 | 1.50 | 43 | 33 | 24 | 7 | 7.9 | ||
| Bk | 55-90 | 0.29 | 62 | 29 | 9 | 23 | 8.2 |
Bonita (TS4, TS15, TS17, TS18). Typic Chromusterts; fine, montmorillonitic, thermic (Brown soil-Grumusols). Bonita soils are deep and well drained. Typically, they have a dark brown granular cobbly silty clay surface layer about 5 cm (2 in) thick. The subsurface layer is dark brown silty clay about 74 cm (29 in) thick. The underlying material to 150 cm (60 in) is reddish brown very cobbly and gravelly clay loam. Bonita soils occur on nearly level to gently sloping fan terraces with slopes of 0 to 3 percent. These soils have high available water capacity. Permeability is very slow and the upper layers have high shrink-swell that causes them to crack widely and deeply when dry and swell when wet. They are moderately alkaline and are calcareous throughout the profile. Runoff is slow and erosion hazard is slight. Short pipes may develop where water follows cracks. The series was established in Graham County in 1936 and the name was taken from Bonita Canyon.
| Horizon | Depth (cm) | O.M.% | Sand% | Silt% | Clay% | CEC meq/l00g | CaCO3% | pH | BD g/cm3 |
| A | 0-28 | 1.31 | 13 | 42 | 45 | 39 | 1 | 7.6 | 1.74 |
| C | 28-79 | 1.00 | 11 | 42 | 47 | 39 | 2 | 8.0 | 1.75 |
| 2 Bk | 79-160 | 0.63 | 30 | 45 | 25 | 28 | 7 | 7.7 | 1.50 |
Boysag (MS1, MS2, MS5, MS6). Lithic Ustollic Haplargids; clayey, mixed, mesic (Reddish Brown). Boysag soils are shallow and well drained. Typically, these soils have reddish brown and brown fine sandy loam surface layers about 8 cm (3 in) thick. Below this is a layer of yellowish red clay about 20 cm (8 in) thick that grades to pinkish white highly fractured and weathered limy sandstone about 8 cm (3 in) thick. Below this, the bedrock is very pale brown calcareous sandstone having widely spaced fractures. Depth to bedrock ranges from 25 to 50 cm (10 to 20 in). Boysag soils occur on gently undulating hillslopes with slopes ranging from 0 to 8 percent. These soils have low available water capacity and slow permeability. They are slightly acid and noncalcareous in the surface and upper subsoil and moderately alkaline and calcareous in the lower subsoil and bedrock. Runoff is slow to medium and the hazard of erosion is slight to moderate. The series was established in Coconino County in 1962 and the name was taken from an Indian name for an isolated point on the north rim of the Grand Canyon.
| Horizon | Depth (cm) | O.M.% | Sand% | Silt% | Clay% | CEC meq/100g | CaCO3% | pH | BD g/cm3 |
| A | 0-5 | 1.77 | 73 | 21 | 6 | 9 | 1 | 7.7 | 1.39 |
| Bt | 5-23 | 1.96 | 60 | 16 | 24 | 16 | 6 | 8.0 | 1.33 |
| Bk | 23-39 | 3.33 | 51 | 20 | 29 | 13 | 36 | 82 | |
| R | 39- |
Brazito (TS2). Typic Torripsamments; mixed, thermic (Alluvial). Brazito soils are deep and well drained. Typically, they have a grayish brown sandy clay loam surface layer about 23 cm (9 in) thick. The underlying material to a depth of 150 cm (60 in) is light brownish gray or light gray sand and fine sand. Brazito soils occur on floodplains and alluvial fans with slopes of 0 to 3 percent. These soils have very low available water capacity and rapid permeability. They are moderately alkaline and calcareous throughout the profile. Runoff is slow and the hazard of erosion is moderate to high. The series was established in Dona Ana County, New Mexico, in 1912.
Brios (HA1, HA7). Typic Torrifluvents; sandy, mixed, hyperthermic (Alluvial). Brios soils are deep and somewhat excessively drained. Typically, they have a brown sandy loam surface layer about 35 cm (14 in) thick. The upper 20 cm (8 in) of underlying material is brown coarse sand. Below this to a depth of 150 cm (60 in) is brown stratified coarse sand and gravelly coarse sand with thin strata of fine sandy loam and sandy loam. Brios soils occur on nearly level to gently sloping floodplains and alluvial fans with slopes of 0 to 3 percent. Available water capacity is low and permeability is rapid. They are moderately alkaline and calcareous throughout the profile. Runoff is slow and the hazard of erosion is high. The series was established in Maricopa County in 1972.
Brolliar (FH1, FH2). Typic Argiborolls; fine, montmorillonitic (Reddish Chestnut). Brolliar soils are moderately deep and well drained. Typically, they have a thin layer of decomposing pine needles on the soil surface. The surface mineral layers are brown and dark brown stony heavy loam about 13 cm (5 in) thick. The subsoil is reddish brown and brown heavy clay loam and clay about 74 cm (29 in) thick. The bedrock from 86 to more than 150 cm (34 to 60 in) is dark gray, extremely hard, fractured basalt. Depth to the bedrock ranges from 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in). Brolliar soils occur on mesas with slopes ranging from 0 to 30 percent. These soils have moderate available water capacity, slow permeability and high shrink-swell potential. Reaction is slightly acid to neutral throughout the profile, and these soils are noncalcareous throughout the profile. Runoff is slow to medium and the hazard of erosion is slight. The series was established in the Beaver Creek area of Yavapai County in 1965.
| Horizon | Depth (cm) | O.M.% | Sand% | Silt% | Clay% | CEC meq/l00g | B.S.% | pH | BD g/cm3 |
| A | 0-10 | 4.40 | 14 | 57 | 29 | 33 | 64 | 5.7 | 1.54 |
| Bt | 10-80 | 1.72 | 7 | 33 | 60 | 54 | 83 | 5.9 | 1.75 |
| Cr | 80-88 | 1.29 | 17 | 36 | 57 | 61 | 94 | 6.7 | 1.79 |
| R | 88- |
Bucklebar (TS19). Typic Haplargids; fine-loamy, mixed, thermic (Red Desert). Bucklebar soils are deep and well drained. Typically, they have a brown, sandy loam surface layer about 15 cm (6 in) thick. The subsoil is reddish brown sandy clay loam about 48 cm (19 in) thick. The underlying material to a depth of 150 cm (60 in) is light brown loam and silty clay loam with few carbonate nodules and masses on surfaces of peds. Bucklebar soils occur on gently sloping fan terraces with slopes of 1 to 5 percent. These soils have high available water capacity
and moderate permeability. They are mildly to moderately alkaline, noncalcareous in the surface layer and calcareous in the subsoil and underlying material. Runoff is medium and the hazard of erosion is moderate. The series was established in Dona Ana County, New Mexico, in 1971.Bushvalley (FH2). Argic Lithic Cryoborolls; loamy-skeletal, mixed (Prairie). Bushvalley soils are shallow and very shallow and well drained. Typically, they have a dark brown cobbly sandy loam surface layer about 13 cm (5 in) thick. This is underlain by light brown tuff bedrock at a depth of 25 cm (10 in). Depth to bedrock ranges from 18 to 50 cm (7 to 20 in). Bushvalley soils occur on hillslopes with slopes of 8 to 40 percent. These soils have low available water capacity and moderately slow permeability. They are slightly acid to neutral and noncalcareous throughout the profile. Runoff is rapid and the hazard of erosion is slight. The series was established in Apache County in 1971.
| Horizon | Depth (cm) | O.M.% | Sand% | Silt% | Clay% | CEC meq/100g | B.S.% | pH | BD g/cm3 |
| A | 0-10 | 2.14 | 59 | 27 | 14 | 31 | 92 | 6.7 | 1.45 |
| Bt | 10-20 | 1.80 | |||||||
| R | 20- |
Cabezon (MS4, MS7, MH2, MH6). Lithic Argiustolls; clayey, montmorillonitic, mesic (Chestnut). Cabezon soils are shallow and well drained. Typically, the surface layer is grayish brown extremely stony loam about 10 cm (4 in) thick. The subsoil is brown cobbly clay about 20 cm (8 in) thick that overlies weathered fractured basalt bedrock at about 30 cm (12 in) and relatively unweathered basalt at about 38 cm (15 in). Depth to bedrock ranges from 25 to 50 cm (10 to 20 in). Cabezon soils are on hillslopes with dominant slopes of 2 to 15 percent and short escarpments up to 45 percent or more. These soils have low available water capacity and slow permeability. They are slightly acid to neutral and are noncalcareous except for small accumulations of lime on the bedrock in places. Runoff is medium and the hazard of erosion is slight to moderate. The series was established in Sandoval County, New Mexico, in 1965.
Cambern (FH2). Argic Pachic Cryoborolls; fine-loamy, mixed (Prairie). Cambern soils are moderately deep and well drained. Typically, they have a dark gray sandy loam and loam surface layer about 25 cm (10 in) thick. The subsoil is dark gray heavy loam and light clay loam about 45 cm (18 in) thick. White tuff and ash is at a depth of 70 cm (28 in). Depth to bedrock ranges from 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in). Cambern soils occur on hillslopes with slopes ranging from 1 to 25 percent. These soils have moderate available water capacity and moderately slow permeability. They are neutral to slightly acid and noncalcareous throughout the profile. Runoff is medium and the hazard of erosion is slight. The series was established in Apache County in 1966 and the name was taken from an old townsite.
| Horizon | Depth (cm) | O.M.% | Sand% | Silt% | Clay% | CEC meq/100g | B.S.% | pH | BD g/cm3 |
| A | 0-25 | 3.16 | 56 | 30 | 14 | 23 | 88 | 6.3 | 1.36 |
| BA | 25-35 | 1.94 | 47 | 32 | 21 | 26 | 91 | 6.7 | 1.45 |
| Bt | 35-55 | 1.68 | 39 | 34 | 27 | 32 | 95 | 6.8 | 1.55 |
| R | 55- |
Camborthids (TA1, MA6). The Camborthids are shallow to moderately deep and well drained. They are medium to moderately coarse in texture and formed in colluvium and residuum from limestone, sandstone and shale. They occur on hillslopes with slopes ranging from 5 to 30 percent and are similar to the Torriorthents except that they have weak B horizons (Cambic horizons).
Canelo (MH1). Aeric Ochraqualfs; clayey-skeletal, mixed, mesic (Reddish Chestnut). Canelo soils are deep and somewhat poorly drained. Typically, they have a brown gravelly sandy loam surface layer about 13 cm (5 in) thick and a very pale brown, very gravelly sandy loam subsurface layer about 23 cm (9 in) thick. The upper subsoil is mottled pinkish white, reddish yellow, white and light gray very gravelly heavy sandy clay loam and very gravelly clay about 46 cm (18 in) thick. The lower subsoil to a depth of more than 150 cm (60 in) is light red and red very cobbly sandy clay with common pinkish gray mottles. The soils are wet and have a temporary perched water table following rainy seasons. Canelo soils occur on the tops and sides of long narrow fan terraces and have slopes
ranging from 1 to 40 percent. They have moderate available water capacity and very slow permeability. They are slightly to extremely acid throughout. Runoff is medium and the hazard of erosion is moderate. The series was established in Santa Cruz County in 1971 and the name was taken from the Canelo Hills.| Horizon | Depth (cm) | O.M.% | Sand% | Silt% | Clay% | CEC meq/100g | B.S.% | pH | BD g/cm3 |
| A | 0-13 | 1.33 | 60 | 32 | 8 | 5 | 80 | 6.3 | 1.60 |
| E | 13-36 | 0.58 | 54 | 35 | 11 | 4 | 78 | 6.2 | 1.35 |
| Btg | 36-86 | 0.46 | 29 | 16 | 55 | 16 | 96 | 4.9 | 1.47 |
| Bt | 86-130 | 46 | 12 | 42 | 14 | 75 | 4.3 |
Caralampi (TS4, TS5, TS6, TS7, TS8, TS10). Ustollic Haplargids; loamy-skeletal, mixed, thermic (Reddish Chestnut). Caralampi soils are deep and well drained. They typically have a dark grayish brown very gravelly sandy loam surface layer about 5 cm (2 in) thick. The subsoil is reddish brown very gravelly sandy clay loam about 53 cm (21 in) thick. The substratum to more than 150 cm (60 in) is light reddish brown very gravelly sandy loam. Caralampi soils occupy the higher and steeper fan terraces with slopes ranging from 10 to 30 percent. These soils have low available water capacity and moderately slow permeability. They are slightly acid to moderately alkaline and are usually noncalcareous throughout. Runoff is medium and the hazard of erosion is slight to moderate. The series was established in Santa Cruz County in 1971.
| Horizon | Depth (cm) | O.M.% | Sand% | Silt% | Clay% | CEC meq/100g | B.S.% | pH | BD g/cm3 |
| A | 0-5 | 1.58 | 73 | 11 | 16 | 16 | 81 | 5.9 | 1.25 |
| Bt | 5-58 | 1.41 | 61 | 14 | 25 | 25 | 98 | 5.9 | 1.42 |
| BCt | 58-107 | 0.31 | 69 | 18 | 13 | 22 | 100 | 6.4 | 1.54 |
| C | 107-142 | 74 | 17 | 9 | 26 | 100 | 6.8 | 1.63 |
Carrizo (HA1, HA7). Typic Torriorthents; sandy-skeletal, mixed, hyperthermic (Alluvial). Carrizo soils are deep and excessively drained. Typically, they have a brown surface layer about 38 cm (15 in) thick. The underlying material is light grayish brown very gravelly sand to more than 150 cm (60 in). Carrizo soils occur on floodplains and alluvial fans with slopes of 0 to 5 percent. These soils have very low available water capacity and very rapid permeability. They are moderately alkaline and calcareous throughout. Runoff is slow and the hazard of erosion is slight. The series was established in the El Centro area of California in 1918.
| Horizon | Depth (cm) | O.M.% | Sand% | Silt% | Clay% | CEC meq/100g | CaCO3% | pH | BD g/cm3 |
| A | 0-12 | 0.34 | 93 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 8.3 | |
| C | 12-113 | 0.07 | 95 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 8.5 | |
| 2Btb | 113-139 | 0.12 | 77 | 8 |